340 CHAPTER EIGHT national total), Mallah (4.8% prevalence, 15.6% of national total) and Teli (2.3% prevalence and 10.8% of national total). These three small communities represent less than 10 percent of children in the survey, but they account for nearly 40 percent of all the Bitot's spots in Nepal. These are lower-caste terai communities living along the Indian border. TABLE 8-20. PREVALENCE, ESTIMATED NUMBER OF CASES, AND DISTRIBUTION DY ETHN1C GROUP, ACTIVE XEROPHTHALMIA (AND BITOT'S SPOTS), CHILDREN UNDER AGE 6, DECEMBER-APRIL (NBS 1981) Estimated Number of Children Affected Prevalence per 100 Children Percentage of Nepal's Total Ethnic Group Sample N 323 (-) 1.6 (-) Brahmin Chetri Gurung Gwala Kami Khatawe Kumhal Limbu Magar Mallah Mushajar Newar Rai Tamang Teli Tharu Other Subtotal Missing data 1,090 1,124 148 319 320 102 147 156 698 144 140 201 214 351 203 380 1,393 7,130 0.1 (-) 1,929 (1,033) 0.5 (0.2) 9.4 (6.6) - (-) 2,054 (2,054) 1,018 (1,018) 338 (338) 627 (314) 679 (329) - (-) 3,124 (2,423) - (-) 1.9 (1.9) 0.9 (0.9) 1.0 (1.0) 1.3 (0.6) 1.3 (1.3) - (-) 6.2 (4.8) - (-) 10.0 (13.2) 4.9 (6.6) 1.6 (2.2) 3.0 (2.0) 3.3 (4.4) - (-) 15.2 (15.6) 679 (329) 1.4 (0.7) 3.3 (2.1) - (-) - (-) 722 (372) 1,685 (1,685) 661 (661) 6,760 (4,628) 20,599 (15,534) 259 (6) - (-) - (-) 0.6 (0.3) 2.4 (2.3) 0.6 (0.5) 1.3 (0.9) 0.8 (0.6) NA (NA) - (-) - (-j 3.5 (2.4) 8.2 (10.8) 3.2 (4.3) 32.8 (29.8) 100.0 (100.0) NA (NA) 0.8 (0.6) 100.0 (100.0) Total 7,580 20,858 (15,534) Source: FR8002 AN.84, 100 M Note: Figures in parentheses refer to estimated number of cases, prevalence, and distribution of cases of active xerophthalmia that are Bitot's spots (XlB). 8.5.5 Village Characteristics (Site-Level Characteristics) The purpose of this section is to discuss certain characteristics of villages that are associated with xerophthalmia prevalence in Nepal. Density of population, access to medical care, electricity,
